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predicting products of a single replacement reaction (3rd type)

11/21/2014

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This brief post is focused on a 3rd type of chemical reaction, Single Replacement.  November’s end of month blog posts focus on five types of chemical reactions, Synthesis, Decomposition, Single Replacement, Double Replacement, and Combustion of a Hydrocarbon.

Objectives:

1.  Predict the products of a Single Replacement reaction.


2.  Use a chemical Activity Series to determine if a chemical reaction will occur.

3.  Balance a chemical equation.

This type of chemical reaction was also discussed briefly in the 01/11/2014 blog post titled “New Schedule".

In a Single Replacement Reaction an element and a compound react to form another element and compound.  The Activity Series indicates what elements are more active to replace an element and take its place in a compound.  

Here is a webpage showing one example:
http://www.grandinetti.org/activity-series
 
Elements higher on the list will replace elements lower on the list.  This list is a collection of the observations over years.

For example, copper is higher on the list than silver, so will exchange places as shown in the 01/11/2014 blog post.

The reaction is:

Cu (s)   +   AgNO3 (aq)  -->  Ag (s)   +  CuNO3 (aq)

Another example is zinc metal with hydrochloric acid producing hydrogen gas and zinc chloride:

 Zn (s)  +  HCl (aq)  à  H2 (g)  +  ZnCl2 (aq)

The balanced reaction is:

Zn (s)  +  2 HCl (aq)  à  H2 (g)  +  ZnCl2 (aq)


Here’s a demonstration using a balloon to capture the gas:

The zinc metal is placed in the balloon and 3M or 6M hydrochloric acid is placed in the Erlenmeyer flask.

Here is a worksheet on Single Replacement reactions w/ answers:

http://www.sciencegeek.net/Chemistry/chempdfs/EquationsWorksheet4.pdf

You may have to aid your students with some chemical formulas.

I will try to have two more short posts through the end of the month of November to address the other types of reactions.  I hope to have this done before Thanksgiving (11/27)!

Check out the Topic List to help you to find past Blog entries.  I hope it helps!

The holidays approach -- you can purchase my lab book "Chemistry on a Budget" (or ask for it as a gift) -- it is available for $20 at amazon.com or $23 at lulu.com. It will take a few weeks to get to you, so order now!

http://www.amazon.com/Chemistry-Budget-Marjorie-R-Heesemann/dp/0578129159/ref=sr_1_1?s=books&ie=UTF8&qid=1389410170&sr=1-1&keywords=chemistry+on+a+budget

http://www.lulu.com/shop/marjorie-r-heesemann/chemistry-on-a-budget/paperback/product-21217600.html

This book contains 13 labs using consumable materials purchased from local stores.  There are two versions of each lab, one with a ten-question conclusion and one with directions for a full lab report.  This way the teacher has the option!  Each lab is two pages to allow for one two-sided handout.

Have a good weekend!

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    Marjorie R. Heesemann is a chemistry teacher with 15 years of experience who is now working to develop resources for the Chemistry classroom.

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